Supporters yather outside Solidarity's Warsaw Hu, the day atter martial lan was imooseo Socialist Challenga 77 January 1982' baga gin.
• salonic rounded I these areas are who hesitate to implement the are ruthlessly removed, like the governors Elblag, Radom and Koszalin Thousands of Solidarity acinded up and marned. 6011l government in Poland. published was obviously a 'hit list' -Blumsztajn was in named were in the United States!
Solidarity's press agency, prepared for the present confrontation Monde, in an December.
Was Solidarity prepared for what has happened?
were generally convinced that a confrontabecoming evitable, was and that Not the could only be undertaken in its wake. was clear that the conflict would take the form of a general strike. So we were psychologically and politically prepared.
On the other hand, nothought regime would impose such brutal measures; Solidaritechnically was prepared for these. That would have required an underground organisation, conspiratorial measures - something inconsistent with this kind of movement, with its total commitment to democracy and public debate. I know other example of movement any meeting of at least six members of the national could plants like the Katowice steel near Warsaw. andthe Gdans| shipyards. Tanks were used to smash a way in and the elite 1 police were 10 break resistance and arrest But by the next jured occupied, orkly for the breat Worker. had But in fact what was because while two others Blumsztajn was one of the founders of AS, which coorThis is what he told the Paris newspaper Le published on . observed — as was the case - by a journalist tree to report in detail and without the slightest censorship We knew that, in the event of an attack, the authorities would have no difficulty in arresting the majority of the leadership; and that the organisation could only be re-established by those who regrouped in the factories. was impossible to establish an underground apparatus. because the scale of arrests was un foreseeable, but because it was out of the question that a leader should be apCyCl Walesa. They had to be elected Then again, the least preparation for a confrontation would have been denounced by the regime as an attempt to lake over.
Just look at how they seiz.ed on the pretext of the workers' guards which some factory sections tried 1o set up.
shipvard lions and work stoppages had reached a new peak there riots, protesters. Hundreds were indetermined attemp to crush The authorities made What do you think will General Jaruzelski's coup?
It is being said in France that the general, thatsch, saved roland from a Soviet intervention. That seems bizarre to me. It was clear Inal population would resist the coup. The restrictions it has imposed take society back to the 19th century or bring back memories o Hitlerite occupation with its seizure of all radio sets.
Jaruzelski has deprived himself allies in Poland. If he realwill turn its weapons the ULnC way. provoking situation where Soviet intervention would become much more likely. what we know today, it's the only logical outcome of the process which has been set in motion.
The entire responsibiliJaruzelski. The only way WItn General to avoid a catastrophe is the immediate freeing of the leaders of Solidarity. But it's no longer certain that, once released, they could convince Polist society to accept the Communist regime under any guise at all In deciding last Satur day to hold a referen dum on the methods of the regime Solidarity was engaging in political activity. How did a trade union reach this point?
hunger Bialoleka jail over inhuman conditions.
Reports of deaths are hard confirm the authorities' figures of eight is me aners are The basic principle of t movement at the begin ing was 'self-limitatior We thought that by 'se limiting itself' - that is say, by impinging neith interests political of Polish party, the PUW nevertheless able take over certain areas public life At the same time, l thought that the contr exercised by society wou make the Communis regime more effective. O perspective was that entire society would be al organised, control centr regime in the social al economic sectors thought tha thanks to Solidarity. life of society would reborn at all levels. In t professional associatio as much as in the localiti However, Solidari was continually forcec take initiatives which we framework. This was 1 1 casulls. First, was incapable taking the measures nee ed to get out of the cris Secondly, all social aspir tions found their focus Solidarity, whether were for economic cultural renewal self-management For example, distribution of food pr ducts became precarious that peop were convinced that 1 was deliberate starving them, whi
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military crackdown for the Warsaw Pact General Jaruzelski (centre) with Marshall Kulikov (left) who masterminded the Workers shipyard workers' massacre re-occupying the Gdansk shipyards on Thursday 17 December, NARODOWSE anniversary of the 1970 ment and production
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SEWERYN BLUMSZTAJN was among the first of those reported arrested by the new military
dinated and distributed information to all the interfactory committees (MKZs). He was thus in a good position to know how Solidarity had
Uss nor on shose or l on
sa pi pud sa) sans sall